Voiced bilabial plosive

From Includipedia, the inclusionist encyclopedia

IPA – number	102
IPA – text	b
IPA – image	Image:Xsampa-b.png
Entity	b
X-SAMPA	`b`
Kirshenbaum	`b`
Sound sample (help·info)

The voiced bilabial plosive is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is b, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is b. The voiced bilabial plosive occurs in English, and it is the sound denoted by the letter "b" in boy. Many Indian languages, such as Hindi, have a two-way contrast between aspirated and plain [b].

1 Features
2 Occurrence
3 References
4 Bibliography
5 See also

Features

Features of the voiced bilabial plosive:

Its manner of articulation is plosive or stop, which means it is produced by obstructing airflow in the vocal tract.
Its place of articulation is bilabial which means it is articulated with both lips.
Its phonation type is voiced, which means the vocal cords are vibrating during the articulation.
It is an oral consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth.
It is a central consonant, which means it is produced by allowing the airstream to flow over the middle of the tongue, rather than the sides.
The airstream mechanism is pulmonic egressive, which means it is articulated by pushing air out of the lungs and through the vocal tract, rather than from the glottis or the mouth.

Occurrence

Language	Word	IPA	Meaning	Notes
Arabic	ﻛﺘﺐ	[ˈkɛ̈tɛ̈bɛ̈]	'he wrote'	See Arabic phonology
Chechen	бIaьрг/bjärg	[bʼaɾg]	'eye'
Dutch	boer	[buːr]	'farmer'	See Dutch phonology
English	aback	[əˈbæk]	'aback'	See English phonology
Czech	bota	[bota]	'boot'	See Czech phonology
French	boue	[bu]	'mud'	See French phonology
Georgian^[1]	ბავშვი	[ˈbavʃvi]	'child'
German	Bub	[buːp]	'boy'	See German phonology
Greek	μπόχα	[ˈbo̞xa]	'reek'	See Modern Greek phonology
Hindi	बाल	[bɑl]	'hair'	See Hindi-Urdu phonology
Hungarian	baba	[bɒbɒ]	'baby'	See Hungarian phonology
Italian	bue	[ˈbue]	'ox'	See Italian phonology
Norwegian	bål	[ˈbɔːl]	'bonfire'	See Norwegian phonology
Pirahã	pibaóí	[pìbàóí]	'parent'
Polish	robak	[ˈrɔbak]	'worm'	See Polish phonology
Russian	рыба	[ˈrɨbə] (help·info)	'fish'	Contrasts with palatalized form. See Russian phonology
Spanish^[2]	invertir	[ĩmbe̞ɾˈtiɾ]	'to invest'	See Spanish phonology
Swedish	bra	[ˈbrɑː]	'good'	See Swedish phonology
Turkish	bulut	[ˈbulut̪]	'cloud'	See Turkish phonology