Coat of arms of France

From Includipedia, the inclusionist encyclopedia

The current coat of arms of France has been a symbol of France since 1953, although it does not have any legal status as an official coat of arms. It appears on the cover of French passports and was originally adopted by the French Foreign Ministry as a symbol for use by diplomatic and consular missions in 1912 using a design drawn up by the sculptor Jules-Clément Chaplain.

In 1953, France received a request from the United Nations for a copy of the national coat of arms to be displayed alongside the coats of arms of other member states in its assembly chamber. An interministerial commission requested Robert Louis (1902–1965), heraldic artist, to produce a version of the Chaplain design. This did not, however, constitute an adoption of an official coat of arms by the Republic.

Technically speaking, it is an emblem rather than a coat of arms, since it does not respect heraldic rules—heraldry being seen as an aristocratic art, and therefore associated with the Ancien Régime. The emblem consists of:

A wide shield with lion-head terminal bears a monogram "RF" standing for République Française (French Republic).
An olive branch symbolises peace.
An oak branch symbolises perenity or wisdom.
The fasces is a symbol associated with justice (from Roman lictor's axes, in this case not fascism).

In September 1999, the French government adopted a new identifier incorporating the Republican motto, the colours of the flag, and the Republic's personification, Marianne.

[edit] History

Coat of Arms of France	Description	Dates Used
Image:France Ancient.svg	France Ancien, the royal coat of arms.	before 1376
Image:Blason France moderne.svg	France Moderne, the royal coat of arms.	1376–1589
Image:France1594.png	The royal arms of the Kingdom of France showed until the revolution the shield of Navarre as well after Henry IV King of Navarre became King of France.	1589–1789
Image:FranceImp1.png	The arms of the First French Empire under Napoleon I, featuring an eagle.	1804–1814
Image:FranceRoyale.jpg	After the restoration the royal house of Bourbon once more took up the French crown. These arms are still used by the royal house of France.	1814–1830
Image:Louis-Philippe coa.png	During the July Monarchy the arms of Louis-Philippe where used.	1830–1848
Image:Armoiries-Empire.jpg	The arms of the Second French Empire under Napoleon III, again featuring an eagle.	1852–1870
Image:Francecoatofarms1898.png	Informal arms were created for the French Third Republic featuring fasces on a laurel branch and an oak branch per saltire.	1898–1953

Template:Symbols of the French Republic

¹ Entirely in Southwest Asia; included here because of cultural, political and historical association with Europe. ² Partially or entirely in Asia, depending on the definition of the border between Europe and Asia. ³ Mostly in Asia. ⁴ Entirely in the African Plate, included here because of cultural, political and historical association with Europe. ⁵ Only recognised by Turkey.

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