List of academic disciplines
From Includipedia, the inclusionist encyclopedia
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An academic discipline, or field of study, is a branch of knowledge which is taught or researched at the college or university level. Disciplines are defined and recognised by the academic journals in which research is published, and the learned societies and academic departments or faculties to which their practitioners belong.
Fields of study usually have several sub-disciplines or branches, and the distinguishing lines between these are often both arbitrary and ambiguous.
In medieval Europe, there were only four faculties in a university: Theology, Medicine, Jurisprudence and Arts, with the last one having a somewhat lower status. Current-day university disciplines have their roots in the mid- to late-19th century secularization of universities, when the traditional curriculum was supplemented by non-classical languages and literatures, and by science and technology disciplines such as physics, chemistry, biology, and engineering.
In the early 20th century, new disciplines such as education, sociology, and psychology were added. In the 1970s and 1980s, there was an explosion of new disciplines focusing on specific themes, such as media studies, women's studies, and Black studies. Many disciplines designed as preparation for careers and professions, such as nursing, hospitality management, corrections, also emerged in the universities. Finally, the visibility of such interdisciplinary scientific fields as biochemistry and geophysics increased, as their contribution to knowledge became widely recognized.
A "*" denotes a field whose academic status is debated. Note that the area into which some fields should be classified is debated, such as whether anthropology and linguistics are social sciences disciplines or humanities disciplines. Note that some people, particularly critical theorists are critical of the division of disciplines, and virtually every division of disciplines, as well as the structure of the concept of disciplines in general, is disputed by some.
A provocative question to ask might be "how many disciplines of study are there?" And an answer to this question could reasonably be that there is no end to the amount of academic disciplines one could have.
In academia today, it is a growing practice to incorporate fields of study that are created by extending the ideas, theories, and methods of more traditional disciplines. Also, new times and revolutionary thinkers can enhance or renew existing disciplines, or even create new disciplines altogether. For example, it can be argued that Freud created a new sub-field of psychology with his new perspective of psychoanalysis.
[edit] Humanities
[edit] History
- American history
- Ancient history
- Chinese history
- Diplomatic history
- Ethnohistory
- European history
- History of science and technology
- Military history
- Modern history
- Intellectual history
- Cultural history
- Economic history
- World history
- See also Branches of history
[edit] Philosophy
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- Social and Political Philosophy
- Philosophical traditions and schools
- History of philosophy
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- See also Branches of philosophy
[edit] Religion
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- Taoic religions
- Other religions
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- See also List of religions
[edit] Languages and linguistics
[edit] Literature
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- English literature
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- Creative writing
- Creative nonfiction
- Fiction writing
- Non-fiction writing
- Literary journalism
- Poetry composition
- Screenwriting
[edit] Visual arts
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[edit] Architecture, design and applied arts
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- Architecture and related design
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[edit] Performing arts
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- Music
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- Dance
- Choreography
- Dance analysis
- Dance notation
- Dance studies
- Ethnochoreology
- History of dance
- Performance, somatic practice
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[edit] Social sciences
[edit] Anthropology
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- Cultural anthropology
- Anthropology of religion
- Anthropology of technology
- Economic anthropology
- Ethnography
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- Historical anthropology
- Medical anthropology
- See also Branches of anthropology
[edit] Archaeology
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- See also Branches of archaeology
[edit] Area studies
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- Celtic studies
- European studies
- German studies
- Indology (Indian studies)
- Iranian studies
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- Japanology (Japanese studies)
- Latin American studies
- Sinology (Chinese studies)
- Scandinavian studies
- Slavic studies
- See also Branches of area studies
[edit] Economics
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- Agricultural economics
- Behavioural economics
- Bioeconomics
- Computational economics
- Consumer economics
- Development economics
- Econometrics
- Economic geography
- Economic history
- Economic sociology
- Energy economics
- Entrepreneurial economics
- Environmental economics
- Evolutionary economics
- Experimental economics
- Feminist economics
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- Financial economics
- Game theory
- Green economics
- Human development theory
- Industrial organization
- Institutional economics
- International economics
- Islamic economics
- Labor economics
- Law and economics
- Macroeconomics
- Managerial economics
- Mathematical economics
- Microeconomics
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- Monetary economics
- Neuroeconomics
- Political economy
- Public finance
- Public economics
- Platform economics
- Real estate economics
- Resource economics
- Socialist economics
- Socioeconomics
- Transport economics
- Welfare economics
- See also Branches of economics
[edit] Ethnic studies
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[edit] Gender and Sexuality studies
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[edit] Geography
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- See also Branches of geography
[edit] Political science
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- American politics
- Canadian politics
- Civics
- Comparative politics
- Geopolitics (Political geography)
- International relations
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- International organizations
- Peace and conflict studies (Irenology)
- Policy analysis/Policy studies
- Political behavior
- Political culture
- Political economy
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- See also Branches of political science
[edit] Psychology
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- Abnormal psychology
- Applied psychology
- Behavioural science
- Biological psychology
- Clinical psychology
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- Cognitive psychology
- Cognitive science
- Community psychology
- Differential psychology
- Developmental psychology
- Educational psychology
- Emotion
- Evolutionary psychology
- Experimental psychology
- Forensic psychology
- Health psychology
- Intrapersonal communications
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- Legal psychology (Psychology & Law)
- Neuropsychology
- Organizational psychology
- Parapsychology
- Personality psychology
- Positive psychology
- Psychoanalysis
- Psychometry
- Psychophysics
- Quantitative psychology
- Social psychology
- Sport psychology
- Media psychology
- See also Branches of psychology, Types of psychotherapy
[edit] Sociology
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- Applied sociology
- Collective behavior
- Community informatics
- Comparative sociology
- Conflict theory
- Cultural studies
- Criminology/Criminal justice
- Demography/Population
- Environmental sociology
- Feminist sociology
- Future studies
- Human ecology
- Interactionism
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- Medical sociology
- Organizational studies
- Science studies/Science and technology studies
- Social capital
- Social control
- Social economy
- Social philosophy
- Social psychology
- Social policy
- Social research
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- Social theory
- Social stratification
- Sociological theory
- Sociobiology
- Sociocybernetics
- Sociolinguistics
- Urban studies or Urban sociology/Rural sociology
- Visual sociology
- See also Branches of sociology
[edit] Natural sciences
[edit] Space sciences
- Astrobiology
- Astronomy
- Astrophysics
- Observational astronomy
- See also Branches of astronomy
[edit] Earth sciences
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- See also Branches of earth sciences
[edit] Life sciences
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- Aerobiology
- Anatomy
- Animal communications
- Biochemistry
- Bioinformatics
- Biology
- Biophysics
- Botany
- Ethnobotany
- Cell biology
- Chronobiology
- Cryobiology
- Ecology
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- Endocrinology
- Entomology
- Evolutionary biology
- Genetics
- Human biology
- Limnology
- Linnaean taxonomy
- Marine biology
- Microbiology
- Molecular biology
- Mycology
- Neuroscience
- Paleobiology
- Parasitology
- Pathology
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- Phycology
- Physiology
- Systematics (Taxonomy)
- Virology
- Molecular virology
- Epidemial virology
- Xenobiology
- Zoology
- See also Branches of life sciences
[edit] Chemistry
- Analytical chemistry
- Biochemistry
- Materials science
- Cheminformatics
- Computational chemistry
- Quantum chemistry
- Inorganic chemistry
- Organic chemistry
- Physical chemistry
- Theoretical chemistry
- Interface and Colloid Science
- See also Branches of chemistry
[edit] Physics
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- Acoustics
- Astrophysics
- Atomic, molecular, and optical physics
- Biophysics
- Theoretical physics
- Computational physics
- Condensed matter physics
- Cryogenics
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- Electromagnetism
- Elementary particle physics
- Fluid dynamics
- Geophysics
- Mathematical physics
- Medical physics
- Materials science
- Mechanics
- Molecular physics
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- Nuclear physics
- Newtonian dynamics
- Optics
- Plasma physics
- Quantum physics
- Solid state physics
- Statistical mechanics
- Vehicle dynamics
- Thermodynamics
- Applied Physics
- See also Branches of physics
[edit] Formal sciences
[edit] Mathematics
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- Applied mathematics
- See also Branches of mathematics and AMS Mathematics Subject Classification
[edit] Computer sciences
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- Theory of computation
- Algorithms
- Data structures
- Computer architecture
- Operating systems
- Computer communications (networks)
- Computer security and reliability
- Distributed computing
- Parallel computing
- Quantum computing
- Computer graphics
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- Human-computer interaction
- Computing in Mathematics, Natural sciences, Engineering and Medicine
- Computing in Social sciences, Arts and Humanities, Professions
- Computational economics
- Computational sociology
- Computational finance
- The Digital Humanities (Humanities computing)
- Information systems (Business informatics)
- Computer and society
- See also Branches of computer science and ACM Computing Classification System
[edit] Professions and Applied sciences
[edit] Agriculture and forestry
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[edit] Business
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- Accounting scholarship
- Arts administration (as a subfield of business administration)
- Business administration
- Business ethics
- Entrepreneurship
- Finance
- Hospitality management (or hotel management)
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- Information systems
- Management
- Marketing
- Manufacturing
- Port Management
- Real estate
- Risk management and insurance
- System
[edit] Education
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