1285
From Includipedia, the inclusionist encyclopedia
| Years: 1282 1283 1284 - 1285 - 1286 1287 1288 | |
| Decades: 1250s 1260s 1270s - 1280s - 1290s 1300s 1310s | |
| Centuries: 12th century - 13th century - 14th century | |
Events
- January 6 - Archbishop Jakub Świnka orders all priests subject to his bishopry in Poland to deliver sermons in Polish rather than German, thus further unifying the Catholic Church in Poland and fostering a national identity.
- April 2 - Pope Honorius IV succeeds Pope Martin IV as the 190th pope.
- April 25 - Mamluk sultan Qalawun begins a siege of the Crusader fortress of Margat (in present-day Syria), a major stronghold of the Knights Hospitaller thought to be impregnable; he captures the fortress a month later.
- September 4 - Roger of Lauria defeats King Philip III of France in a naval battle off of Barcelona.
- The writ Circumspecte Agatis, issued by King Edward I of England, defines the jurisdictions of church and state in England, thereby limiting the church's judicial powers to ecclesiastical cases only.
- The Second statute of Westminster is passed in England, reforming various laws; it includes the famous clause de donis conditionalibus, considered one of the fundamental institutes of medieval law in England.
- The English romantic poem The Lay of Havelok the Dane is written (approximate date).
- Tran Hung Dao leads Vietnamese forces in victory over an invading Yuan dynasty Mongol army.
Births
- March 9 - Emperor Go-Nijo of Japan (died 1308)
- May 1 - Edmund FitzAlan, 9th Earl of Arundel, English politician (died 1326)
- December 6 - King Ferdinand IV of Castile (died 1312)
- Al-Nasr Muhammad, sultan of Egypt (died 1341)
- Ziauddin Barani, historian and political thinker of the Delhi Sultanate (died 1357)
- Patrick Dunbar, 9th Earl of Dunbar (died 1369)
Deaths
- March 24 - Daumantas, Grand Prince of Lithuania
- March 28 - Pope Martin IV
- May 13 - Robert de Ros, 1st Baron de Ros
- May 20 - John II of Jerusalem, King of Cyprus (born 1259)
- October 5 - King Philip III of France (born 1245)
- November 11 - King Peter III of Aragon (born 1239)
- Tile Kolup, German imposter
- Philip I of Savoy (born 1207)
- Rutebeuf, French troubadour
- King Charles I of Sicily (born 1227)af:1285
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